• We first confirmed LPS induction of markers known to

  2020-01-02

  

  We first confirmed LPS-induction of markers known to induce NF-κB signaling in Caco2BB cells, as established for numerous other cell types [31]. We initially selected this approach to monitor NF-κB activation instead of directly monitoring p65 as it is technically straightforward and provides both u

• WNV a member of the genus Flavivirus within

  2020-01-02

  

  WNV, a member of the genus Flavivirus within the family Flaviviridae, was first isolated in 1937 from a febrile woman in the West Nile region of Uganda (Brinton, 2002). Until 1999, WNV was mainly confined to Southern Europe, the Middle East, Africa, West and Central Asia, Indonesia and Australia. In

• S-Adenosylhomocysteine Although the amino acid sequences of

  2020-01-02

  

  Although the amino S-Adenosylhomocysteine sequences of CUL4A and CUL4B share 82% identity, the existing studies have shown that these two proteins do not have significant functional redundancy. Elevated expression of CUL4A has been observed in a variety of cancer cells, such as breast cancer, ovari

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgements

  2020-01-02

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to laboratory technician Kristina Andersson for expert technical assistance. The authors acknowledge the Swedish Research Council (Grant no. 6834), Region Skåne and Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, for financial support. In

• fk506 The present study was set to

  2020-01-02

  

  The present study was set to characterise the DNMT gene orthologs and describe the expression patterns of these genes during seed development in natural diploid apomict B. divaricarpa and diploid sexual B. stricta. Material and methods Results The B. stricta genome v1.2, was sequenced and ass

• br Sphingosine kinase One of

  2020-01-02

  

  Sphingosine kinase One of the enzymes closely related to DGKs are the sphingosine kinases (SKs). These enzymes catalyze the conversion of sphingosine (Sph) to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). SKs and DGKs are closely related lipid kinase in term of basic enzymology and the mechanism of regulation a

• As a functional ETC is required for

  2020-01-02

  

  As a functional ETC is required for DHODH catalysis (Loffler, Jockel, Schuster, & Becker, 1997; Rawls, Knecht, Diekert, Lill, & Loffler, 2000; Zameitat, Freymark, Dietz, Loffler, & Bolker, 2007), DHODH depends on the mitochondrial ETC to generate adequate concentrations of ubiquinone (Fig. 2). Cells

• One possible explanation for differences in the binding abil

  2020-01-02

  

  One possible explanation for differences in the binding ability of monomeric versus dimeric forms of DDR2 ECD to collagen could be that the monomeric form only binds to the primary GVMGFO site, whereas dimeric (and oligomeric) DDR2 ECD binds to additional sites on the collagen triple-helical molecul

• A small subset of compounds composed

  2020-01-02

  

  A small subset of compounds composed the 5-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-]indole cluster (). This series of compounds was characterised by a central heterocyclic core with an R1 alkyl amine chain, required for potency (. , , and ), with preference for morpholine over piperidine (. ). The scaffold can be subst

• The results of bisaryl ether linker study are shown in

  2020-01-02

  

  The results of bisaryl ether linker study are shown in . It was found that the methylene linker () moderately improved the binding to the DP receptor. The increased binding potency was also diminished in the presence of plasma, possibly due to higher plasma protein binding. Other linkers, such as th

• N methyl d aspartate NMDA receptor antagonists such as MK

  2020-01-02

  

  N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, such as MK-801 and phencyclidine, induce cognitive dysfunction in both mice and humans [18]. In addition, antipsychotic drugs ameliorate MK-801-induced cognitive dysfunction; therefore, the acute application of MK-801 can be used as an animal model o

• The objective of the present study was to investigate

  2020-01-02

  

  The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of the CRF system in the neuroadaptations associated with nicotine dependence. To this aim, the regulation of the gene expression of CRF and its receptors was assessed in 7915 regions belonging to the reward pathway using a model of nic

• Preliminary studies evidenced the presence of CRFr in gamma

  2020-01-02

  

  Preliminary studies evidenced the presence of CRFr in gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) neurons of the hippocampus (Yan et al., 1998). In fact, in this Galanthamine area, CRF inhibits glutamate release through CRF1r (Bagosi et al., 2015), leading to a decrease in the GABA concentration in t

• HhAntag receptor br Alcohol and the amygdala br

  2020-01-02

  

  Alcohol and the amygdala Alcohol and the CRF1 system Given the marked effects of alcohol on inhibitory neurotransmission in the amygdala and the regulation of amygdalar GABAergic activity by CRF and activity at the CRF1 receptor, the CRF system is a logical site for the actions of alcohol in t

• br The LSCP model and its properties

  2020-01-02

  

  The LSCP model and its properties In this section, we first introduce the LSCP model in Section 2.1. Some examples of the model are presented in Section 2.2 and basic properties of the model are presented in Section 2.3. Finally, Section 2.4 introduces finite dimensional approximations necessary

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